Association of serotoninergic pathway gene variants with elite athletic status in the Polish population     

Beata Peplonska  Krzysztof Safranow  Jakub Adamczyk  Dariusz Boguszewski  Konrad Szymański  Ireneusz Soltyszewski 《Journal of sports sciences》2019,37(14):1655-1662

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Rattle Running,Dry Wrestling,and Boxing in … Opera,or Regional Sports and Games in the Historical and Cultural Tradition of Eastern Europe     

Wojciech Lipoński 《国际体育史杂志》2017,34(10):899-914

Abstract

The article is a heartfelt plea to both Western and Eastern European sports historians to take full account of the rich sporting history of the eastern part of the continent of Europe. After describing how most of Eastern Europe fell under the domination of foreign empires, and how this lead to a disparaging attitude towards its peoples and cultures, the author specifically details how Western authors of both general cultural histories and sporting histories and encyclopaedias have ignored Eastern Europe to a quite astonishing extent. The author then goes on to argue that Eastern Europe has a sporting tradition which is at least as rich, if not richer than that of the West. To illustrate this, the phenomena of medieval Polish horse racing, Bulgarian dry wrestling, Russian folk pugilism, Polish religious games, and Asian-influenced archery are explained in some detail. It is hoped that these examples will inspire sports historians from all parts of Europe to tap the rich resources of the East, and to treat this part of Europe as central rather than peripheral to European cultural history.  相似文献   

Evolutionary theorizing and modeling of sustainability transitions     

Karolina Safarzyńska  Koen Frenken 《Research Policy》2012,41(6):1011-1024

This paper argues that evolutionary thinking and modeling can contribute to the emerging research on sustainability transitions and their management. Evolutionary theory provides a range of concepts and mechanisms that are useful in making existing theorizing about transitions more precise and complete. In particular, we will discuss how the multi-level, multi-phase, co-evolutionary, and social learning dynamics underlying transitions can be addressed in evolutionary models. In addition, evolutionary theorizing offers suggestions for extending current theoretical frameworks of transitions. Group selection provides a good example. We review the small set of formal evolutionary models of sustainability transitions, and show that existing formal evolutionary models of technological, social and institutional change can provide useful inputs to transition research and management.  相似文献   

Discrete time sliding mode controllers with relative degree one and two switching variables     

Paweł Latosiński  Andrzej Bartoszewicz 《Journal of The Franklin Institute》2018,355(15):6889-6903

In this paper, a new reaching law based sliding mode control strategy for discrete time systems is introduced. Contrary to most existing approaches, the new strategy uses a sliding variable with relative degree two. It is demonstrated that the new reaching law drives the sliding variable to a narrower quasi-sliding mode band than its relative degree one equivalent, while simultaneously ensuring the desired dynamic properties of the system. Furthermore, it is shown that the smaller quasi-sliding mode band width is reflected in reduced magnitude of all state variables in the sliding mode.  相似文献   

Multilevel information system— Towards more flexible information retrieval systems     

Henryk Rybiński  Bolesław Szymański 《Information processing & management》1981,17(5):277-290

The Multilevel Information System (MLIS), extension of typical Information Retrieval System towards more complete data processing, is discussed. MLIS integrates functions typical for data base management systems and retrieval-oriented systems. Several levels of data accessing are provided, each level developed for a different class of users. End-user level is based on simple query language, trained user level on a relational model, and application programmer level on a Data Manipulation Language nested in high level programming language. The last two levels are discussed in detail.  相似文献   

NEW TRENDS IN RESEARCH ON HIGHER EDUCATION IN POLAND     

Hanna Jabłońska‐Skinder 《Higher Education in Europe》1987,12(1):101-110

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A global questionnaire survey of the scholarly communication attitudes and behaviours of early career researchers     

David Nicholas  Hamid R. Jamali  Eti Herman  Anthony Watkinson  Abdullah Abrizah  Blanca Rodríguez‐Bravo  Cherifa Boukacem‐Zeghmouri  Jie Xu  Marzena wigo&#x;  Tatiana Polezhaeva 《Learned Publishing》2020,33(3):198-211

This article describes an international study informed by a 3‐year‐long qualitative longitudinal project, which sought to discover the scholarly communication attitudes and behaviour of early career researchers (ECRs). Using a combination of small‐scale interviews and a larger‐scale survey, ECRs were questioned on their searching and reading behaviour, publishing practices, open data, and their use of social media. Questionnaire invitations were sent out via publisher lists, social media networks, university research networks, and specialist ECR membership organizations. One‐thousand and six‐hundred responses were received, with many coming from China, Russia, and Poland. Results showed that ECRs are adopting millennial‐facing tools/platforms, with Google, Google Scholar, social media, and smartphones becoming embedded in their scholarly activities. Open data sharing obtains widespread support but somewhat less practice. There are some differences in attitudes and behaviour according to age and subject specialism.  相似文献   

Where and how early career researchers find scholarly information          下载免费PDF全文

David Nicholas  Cherifa Boukacem‐Zeghmouri  Blanca Rodríguez‐Bravo  Jie Xu  Anthony Watkinson  A. Abrizah  Eti Herman  Marzena Świgoń 《Learned Publishing》2017,30(1):19-29

This article presents findings from the first year of the Harbingers research project started in 2015. The project is a 3‐year longitudinal study of early career researchers (ECRs) to ascertain their current and changing habits with regard to information searching, use, sharing, and publication. The study recruited 116 researchers from seven countries (UK, USA, China, France, Malaysia, Poland, and Spain) and performed in‐depth interviews by telephone, Skype, or face‐to‐face to discover behaviours and opinions. This paper reports on findings regarding discovery and access to scholarly information. Findings confirm the universal popularity of Google/Google Scholar. Library platforms and web‐scale discovery services are largely unmentioned and unnoticed by this user community, although many ECRs pass through them unknowingly on the way to authenticated use of their other preferred sources, such as Web of Science. ECRs are conscious of the benefits of open access in delivering free access to papers. Social media are widely used as a source of discovering scholarly information. ResearchGate is popular and on the rise in all countries surveyed. Smartphones have become a regularly used platform on which to perform quick and occasional searches for scholarly information but are only rarely used for reading full text.  相似文献   

Early career researchers and their publishing and authorship practices          下载免费PDF全文

David Nicholas  Blanca Rodríguez‐Bravo  Anthony Watkinson  Cherifa Boukacem‐Zeghmouri  Eti Herman  Jie Xu  Abdullah Abrizah  Marzena Świgoń 《Learned Publishing》2017,30(3):205-217

This study presents findings from the first year of the Harbingers research project, a 3‐year longitudinal study of early career researchers (ECRs), which sought to ascertain current and changing habits in scholarly communication. The study recruited 116 science and social science ECRs from seven countries who were subject to in‐depth interviews, and this paper reports on findings regarding publishing and authorship practices and attitudes. A major objective was to determine whether ECRs are taking the myriad opportunities proffered by new digital innovations, developing within the context of open science, open access, and social media, to publish their research. The main finding is that these opportunities are generally not taken because ECRs are constrained by convention and the precarious employment environment they inhabit and know what is best for them, which is to publish (in high impact factor journals) or perish.  相似文献   

Approach for electrodynamic force for compensation in low voltage circuit breaker WP 630-1.2 type     

LU Na XU L.J Miedzifiski B 《浙江大学学报(A卷英文版)》2007,8(3):393-396

Undesirable repulsive force between contact members due to both a current path shrink near a real contact area and/or so-called pinch effect is particularly onerous for power switch applications, and results in either contact floating or bouncing which are associated with an electric arc following contact welding. This problem is of great importance for any circuit breaker especially for compact low voltage vacuum circuit breakers. To avoid contact floating at closure and during any inrush current under short circuit conditions, the electrodynamic repulsive force can be employed successfully if we use a special compensation system flexibly combined with the contact itself. However to select and design the compensation system properly, its efficiency has to be known. This paper presents an approach to obtain the electrodynamic force value depending on different shaped (rectangular, square, circle and arch) copper plates used in the compensator by using ANSYS for current values 40 kA RMS. Curve-fitting was done according to the calculating results, the optimization designing of compensation unit is based on them.  相似文献